<□>Diff□□ent□phi□o□ophical s□h□ols have □ffered□va□ious inte□□reta□□on□□of□Ren Zha De Ben Yuan. □□ Con□□ci□nism, Ren is□se□n as□an inhe□ent qu□li□y that c□n be c□ltivated throu□h educ□tion, s□lf-□iscipline□ and□moral pract□ce. Mencius□ a promine□□ Confucian □hinker, □rgue□□th□t □□man bein□s□are born with an □nnate□sense□of goodness□ w□ich□□an □e nurtured and developed t□□oug□ prop□r g□id□□ce□and educatio□. Xunz□, another Confucian philo□□ph□r,□took a more pessimistic view, suggesti□g that hum□n nature is□inh□□entl□ □elfish and tha□ □ora□ v□rtu□s must be imposed through □□rict socia□ □orm□ and□institutions.