Despite its □n□u□□ng appea□, the □oncep□ of □e□ Z□a□□□ □en □uan is not withou□ its □□alle□□es □nd criticisms. So□e □r□□ics □rgu□ □hat □he emphasis on innat□ g□o□ne□s may overlook the complexi□□es □f□hu□□n□b□havi□r□□nd□the□i□fluence of external□□actor□ such as cul□ure, e□vironment, and socialization. Others ques□ion the pra□ticali□y o□ achieving mor□l perfe□tion□in a wor□d marked by □o□flict, □nequa□ity, and□□njustice. □hese □ebates hi□□□ight □he ongoing □□ed □or critical ref□ection□□□d □ialogue about the nat□re of human beings and th□ pu□sui□ □f □□□al ex□ellen□□.